CalcOrchard
Finance

Finance calculators

Free, accurate, browser-based finance tools for UK and US personal finance. No sign-up, no data collection — just clear answers with an explanation of the maths.

Personal finance is full of decisions that come down to a single number: Will I retire on time? Is this mortgage worth it? Do I go inside or outside IR35? Is a Roth better than a Traditional IRA at my tax rate? CalcOrchard's finance section exists so you can answer questions like these in under a minute — without creating an account, downloading a spreadsheet, or trusting a black-box tool that never shows its working.

Every calculator on this page follows the same three rules. First, it uses the standard formula from either HMRC (for UK tax), the IRS (for US tax), or the classic finance textbook (for compound interest, present value, amortisation and so on). Second, it runs entirely in your browser — the numbers you type never leave your device. Third, it explains what the answer means: not just the number, but why the number came out that way and what to do about it.

When to use each type of calculator

Our finance tools break down into six broad areas. Use the section below as a quick guide to which tool fits your question.

Take-home pay and tax

If you want to know what your salary, day rate, dividend, or rental income actually puts in your pocket after tax, start with the UK take-home pay calculator, the Scottish take-home calculator, the IR35 inside-vs-outside calculator (essential for UK contractors), or the self-employed tax calculator. Each of these applies the correct 2024/25 tax bands, National Insurance thresholds, and personal-allowance taper above £100,000.

Buying, borrowing, and repaying

For mortgages, auto loans, and general borrowing, use the loan payment calculator, mortgage affordability calculator, and rent vs buy calculator. These compute exact amortisation schedules (not just monthly payments), show the total interest cost over the full term, and — for rent vs buy — factor in the true opportunity cost of your deposit.

Saving, investing, and retiring

Compound interest, savings goal, and retirement calculators help you plan for the long term. The 401(k) calculator (US) and salary-sacrifice calculator (UK) show the tax uplift on workplace pensions. The Roth vs Traditional IRA calculator does the apples-to-apples after-tax comparison advisors actually use.

Small business and side hustle

Freelance rate, break-even, markup vs margin, and VAT calculators are aimed at UK sole traders and small business owners. If you're setting a day rate, pricing a product, or working out whether to VAT-register, start here.

Property and landlords

Stamp duty, capital gains tax on property, and the UK landlord Section 24 calculator model the taxes that make property decisions non-obvious. The Section 24 tool in particular shows why a highly-geared UK buy-to-let can put you in a worse position as an individual than through a limited company — a gap of thousands of pounds a year for higher-rate landlords.

Investing decisions

ROI, dividend tax, inflation, and capital gains tax calculators help you evaluate individual investment decisions, strip out inflation to see real (not nominal) returns, and understand the after-tax cost of taking profits.

Compound Interest Calculator See how savings or investments grow over time with compound interest. Add regular contributions and visualise year-by-year growth. Loan & Mortgage Payment Calculator Work out the monthly payment on any loan or mortgage, see the total interest, and explore how extra payments help you finish sooner. Savings Goal Calculator Find out how much to save each month to reach a money goal — or how long it will take if you already know your monthly amount. Mortgage Affordability Calculator Estimate the maximum home price and mortgage you can afford based on your income, debts, and down payment. Uses the standard 28/36 qualifying ratios. ROI Calculator Calculate the return on investment for any project, stock, or business venture. Get simple ROI, annualized ROI, and see whether a gain or loss is worth it. Retirement Calculator Project your retirement nest egg from current savings, monthly contributions, expected return and years remaining. See the monthly income it can fund. 401(k) Calculator Project your 401(k) balance at retirement including employer match, salary growth and contribution limits. See exactly what the match adds. Roth vs Traditional IRA Calculator Compare Roth and Traditional IRA outcomes side by side. See after-tax retirement value under each based on your current and future tax brackets. IR35 Calculator (Inside vs Outside) Compare Inside IR35 (umbrella / PAYE) vs Outside IR35 (limited company) take-home for any UK day rate. See the annual £ difference. 2024/25 rates. UK Landlord Tax Calculator (Section 24) Work out your buy-to-let tax under Section 24. See how the 20% mortgage interest credit hits profit and compare Individual vs Ltd Co ownership. UK Company Car Tax Calculator (BIK 2024/25) Work out the annual UK company car BIK tax on any EV, hybrid, petrol or diesel car. HMRC 2024/25 P11D tables plus optional fuel benefit. Umbrella Company Take-Home Calculator Work out real weekly and annual take-home from a UK umbrella contract. Includes margin, employer NI, apprenticeship levy and holiday pay. 2024/25. CIS Tax Calculator (Construction Industry Scheme) Work out the CIS deduction on a UK subcontractor invoice and estimate your Self Assessment bill. Handles 20% and 30% rates, materials, VAT and rebates. Rental Yield Calculator (Gross & Net) Work out the real return on a UK buy-to-let: gross yield, net yield after running costs, and cash-on-cash ROI after mortgage. Compare on real numbers. Inflation Calculator Find out what a dollar was worth in any year from 1913 to today. See how inflation erodes purchasing power over time using US CPI data. Hours to Salary Calculator Convert between hourly wage and annual salary. See weekly, monthly, and yearly earnings. Calculate take-home pay after tax. Auto Loan Calculator Calculate your monthly car payment including down payment, trade-in value, sales tax, and fees. See total interest and full amortisation. Rent vs Buy Calculator Compare the true cost of renting versus buying over any time horizon. Factors mortgage interest, tax, maintenance, appreciation and opportunity cost. Debt Payoff Calculator Enter credit cards and loans, choose a total monthly payment, and see when you'll be debt-free. Compare the snowball and avalanche methods side by side. US Income Tax Calculator (2024) Estimate your 2024 US federal income tax, effective rate and marginal bracket. Supports single, MFJ, MFS, HoH with the standard deduction. VAT Calculator Add VAT to a net price or remove VAT from a gross price. Supports UK 20%, Ireland 23%, Germany 19%, France 20% and every EU rate — plus custom %. Break-Even Point Calculator Find how many units you need to sell to cover fixed costs. Enter costs, price and unit variable cost — get break-even, revenue and target-profit units. Markup & Margin Calculator Convert between cost, markup, margin and selling price. Enter any two and get the other two instantly. Handy for pricing and margin/markup conversion. UK Stamp Duty Calculator (SDLT) Work out UK Stamp Duty Land Tax on a property purchase. Covers standard buyers, first-time buyers and additional/buy-to-let, with band-by-band breakdown. Freelance Hourly Rate Calculator Work out the hourly rate you need to charge as a freelancer. Factors target take-home, tax, expenses, holiday, sick days and non-billable time. UK Take-Home Pay Calculator (Salary After Tax) Work out your UK take-home pay after Income Tax, NI, pension and student loan. Get monthly, weekly and hourly net pay with a full breakdown. UK Salary Sacrifice Calculator (Pension) See how much extra pension you get — and how little your take-home actually drops — with salary sacrifice. Shows the NI saving in £ terms. UK Capital Gains Tax Calculator (Shares & Property) Work out your UK Capital Gains Tax for 2024/25 on shares, funds or property. Handles the £3,000 exempt amount and shares vs property rates. UK Dividend Tax Calculator (Company Director / Investor) Work out UK dividend tax for 2024/25. Handles the £500 allowance, Personal Allowance interaction, and the 8.75/33.75/39.35% rates. ISA vs GIA Calculator (UK Investment Tax Savings) See how much tax you save with a Stocks & Shares ISA vs a General Investment Account over 10, 20 and 30 years. Models dividend + capital gains tax. SIPP Tax Relief Calculator (UK Pension Contributions) Work out the real cost of your SIPP contribution after tax relief. Handles basic, higher, additional, Scottish and the £100k taper trick. 2024/25. Tapered Annual Allowance Calculator (UK Pension, 2024/25) Work out your tapered pension Annual Allowance for 2024/25. Enter threshold income and adjusted income — get your personal AA, taper, and the maximum contribution before an Annual Allowance Charge kicks in. Child Benefit Tax Charge (HICBC) Calculator — 2024/25 UK Free 2024/25 HICBC calculator with the new £60k–£80k thresholds. Enter salary, pension and number of kids — see your Child Benefit clawback, effective marginal rate, and the exact pension top-up that eliminates the charge. Lump Sum Allowance Calculator (LSA £268,275) — 2024/25 UK Pension The Lifetime Allowance was abolished in April 2024. Work out your Lump Sum Allowance (£268,275) and Lump Sum & Death Benefit Allowance (£1,073,100) — how much of your pension you can actually take tax-free. Pension Carry Forward Calculator — 3-Year Unused Annual Allowance (2024/25) Work out how much unused pension Annual Allowance you can carry forward from the last 3 years. Handles the £40k→£60k change, tapering, and oldest-first ordering to show your maximum contribution this year. Bonus Sacrifice Calculator — Put Your Bonus Into Your Pension (2024/25 UK) Should you take your bonus as cash or sacrifice it into your pension? See the take-home you give up vs the pension value you gain — including the £100k trap (60% relief), Child Benefit rescue, and employer NI uplift. 2024/25 UK. Lifetime ISA (LISA) Calculator — £1,000 Government Bonus See the LISA government bonus (up to £1,000/year), your projected pot at 60 or first-home purchase, and whether the 25% penalty leaves you worse off. UK Total Compensation Calculator (Job Offer True Value) Compare two UK job offers on true total value: base + pension, sacrifice tax savings, RSUs / ESPP, medical BiK, bonus and holiday value. UK Marriage Allowance Calculator Find out whether you and your partner can claim the Marriage Allowance, and how much you'd save from transferring £1,260 of Personal Allowance. UK Self-Employed Tax Calculator (Sole Trader) Work out the Income Tax and National Insurance (Class 2 & 4) you'll owe as a UK sole trader. Get your bill, take-home and payment-on-account. Scottish Take-Home Pay Calculator (Salary After Tax) Work out Scottish take-home pay after Scottish Income Tax, NI, pension and student loan. All six 2024/25 Scottish bands, starter through top. International Money Transfer Cost Calculator See what your bank is really costing you on international transfers vs a mid-market provider (FX markup + fees) and what more the recipient gets.

How we build these calculators

Every finance calculator on CalcOrchard is written from scratch against the primary source — HMRC manuals and rate tables for UK tax, IRS publications for US tax, and standard finance references (for example the compound interest formula A = P(1+r/n)^(nt), the loan payment formula, or the standard amortisation schedule) for general finance. We sanity-check each new tool against at least two independent published examples before it goes live. Read more on our methodology page.

Frequently asked questions

Are these finance calculators accurate?

Every calculator on CalcOrchard uses the standard textbook formula for its subject (compound interest, amortisation, present value, tax band walks, etc.) and is spot-checked against published examples from HMRC, the IRS, and mainstream finance textbooks before it goes live. Tax-band calculators use the current UK 2024/25 rates and thresholds and are refreshed after each Budget. If you spot a discrepancy, tell us — we take corrections seriously.

Do you store the numbers I type in?

No. Every calculator runs entirely in your browser using JavaScript. Nothing you enter is transmitted to our servers, stored in a database, or shared with third parties. That's why we don't require accounts and you can use every tool anonymously.

Which UK tax year do the calculators use?

All UK tax calculators use the 2024/25 tax year: personal allowance £12,570, higher rate £50,270, additional rate £125,140, employee NI 8% / 2%, dividend allowance £500, and corporation tax 19–25% with marginal relief. Each calculator lists the specific rates it uses in its FAQ section.

Should I use these instead of my accountant?

No — they're for education, planning, and gut-checking. A calculator can't take a full view of your circumstances, foreign income, allowable expenses, capital gains, or long-term planning. Use CalcOrchard to understand the shape of a decision, then talk to a qualified accountant before acting.

Content on CalcOrchard is for general information and education only. It is not tax advice, legal advice, or personalised financial advice. UK residents should consult an accountant or IFA regulated by the FCA; US residents should consult a CPA or fiduciary financial advisor before making decisions.